Temporary separation from primary caregivers can significantly influence attachment styles and overall adjustment in young children, particularly during critical developmental stages such as first grade. This study investigates the impact of temporary separation on attachment styles and adjustment among first-grade Iranian children through a mixed-methods approach. Quantitative data were collected via standardized attachment and adjustment scales, while qualitative insights were gathered through interviews with children and parents. Results suggest varied responses to separation based on attachment styles, with implications for emotional regulation and social adaptation. The findings underscore the complex interplay between temporary separation, attachment dynamics, and psychosocial adjustment in early childhood.

The effectiveness of university counseling services is paramount for fostering student well-being, academic success, and overall development. This study aims to identify and analyze the key determinants that contribute to the effectiveness of counseling services in higher education institutions. By reviewing existing literature and conducting empirical research, this paper examines factors such as accessibility, counselor qualifications, student engagement, confidentiality, and the integration of technology. The findings highlight the importance of a holistic approach that incorporates diverse elements to enhance the efficacy of counseling services. Recommendations for policy-makers and practitioners are provided to optimize the support systems available to students, ultimately contributing to a more supportive and nurturing academic environment.

Organizations in healthcare and finance sectors face mounting challenges managing compliance with multiple overlapping regulatory frameworks including ISO 27001, SOC 2, HIPAA, and PCI DSS. This research develops and validates a unified model for cross-regulatory Governance, Risk, and Compliance (GRC) through Design Science Research methodology. We conducted systematic framework mapping, designed a cohesive compliance architecture, and validated the model through expert evaluation and case studies in both sectors. Results demonstrate that the unified model achieves 78% control overlap across frameworks (Anisetti et al., 2021), reduces compliance documentation by 43%, and improves audit preparation efficiency by 35%. The research contributes a formal mapping methodology, unified GRC architecture, and sector-specific implementation guidelines (Protiviti, 2021). Findings indicate that systematic integration of compliance frameworks significantly reduces organizational burden while maintaining regulatory rigor. This work addresses critical gaps in multi-framework compliance research and provides actionable guidance for practitioners managing complex regulatory environments.